Search results for " Type 2 diabetes mellitus"

showing 10 items of 33 documents

A Systematic Study of Dysregulated MicroRNA in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2017

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that modulate the cellular transcriptome at the post-transcriptional level. miRNA plays important roles in different disease manifestation, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Many studies have characterized the changes of miRNAs in T2DM, a complex systematic disease; however, few studies have integrated these findings and explored the functional effects of the dysregulated miRNAs identified. To investigate the involvement of miRNAs in T2DM, we obtained and analyzed all relevant studies published prior to 18 October 2016 from various literature databases. From 59 independent studies that met the inclusion criteria, we identified 158 dysregu…

0301 basic medicineSystematic surveytype 2 diabetes mellitussystematic study030209 endocrinology & metabolismDiseaseBioinformaticsCatalysisArticleInorganic ChemistryTranscriptomelcsh:Chemistry03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDiabetes mellitusmiRNA-mRNA interaction networkmicroRNAmedicineHumansGene Regulatory NetworksRNA MessengerPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry10. No inequalityMolecular Biologylcsh:QH301-705.5SpectroscopyAdipocytokine Signaling PathwaymicroRNA; type 2 diabetes mellitus; miRNA-mRNA interaction network; systematic studymicroRNAbusiness.industryGene Expression ProfilingOrganic ChemistryType 2 Diabetes MellitusGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseComputer Science ApplicationsMicroRNAs030104 developmental biologyDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Gene Expression Regulationlcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999Organ SpecificityRNA InterferenceDisease manifestationbusinessTranscriptomeSignal TransductionInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Thyroid Dysfunction and Diabetes Mellitus: Two Closely Associated Disorders

2019

Thyroid dysfunction and diabetes mellitus are closely linked. Several studies have documented the increased prevalence of thyroid disorders in patients with diabetes mellitus and vice versa. This review critically discusses the different underlying mechanisms linking type 1 and 2 diabetes and thyroid dysfunction to demonstrate that the association of these two common disorders is unlikely a simple coincidence. We assess the current state of knowledge on the central and peripheral control of thyroid hormone on food intake and glucose and lipid metabolism in target tissues (such as liver, white and brown adipose tissue, pancreatic b cells, and skeletal muscle) to explain the mechanism linking…

0301 basic medicineendocrine system diseasesEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismReviews030209 endocrinology & metabolismType 2 diabetesBioinformatics03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyHypothyroidismDiabetes mellitusmedicineAnimalsHumansSubclinical infectionType 1 diabetesbusiness.industryThyroidmedicine.diseaseThyroid DiseasesDiabetes Mellitus Type 1030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Metabolic control analysisMetabolic syndromeHyperthyroidism Hypothyroidism type 1 diabetes mellitus type 2 diabetes mellitus metabolic syndrome pregnancy guidelinesbusinessHormoneEndocrine Reviews
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Metabolic signatures across the full spectrum of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

2022

Funder: European Commission

ALTtype 2 diabetes mellitusROC receiving operator characteristicaspartate aminotransferaseHSDLDL low-density lipoproteinUHPLC ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatographyROCHCCNon-alcoholic steatohepatitisGCPCANASHGastroenterology2-HB 2-hydroxybutanoic acid; 3-HB 3-hydroxybutanoic acid; ALT alanine aminotransferase; AST aspartate aminotransferase; CE cholesterol ester; Cer ceramide; FFA free fatty acid; FLIP Fatty Liver Inhibition of Progression; Fibrosis; GC gas chromatography; HCC hepatocellular carcinoma; HSD honest significant difference; LC lipid cluster; LDL low-density lipoprotein; LM lipid and metabolite; LMC lipid metabolite and clinical variable; LPC lysophosphatidylcholine; Lipidomics; Mass spectrometry; Metabolomics; NAFL non-alcoholic fatty liver; NAFLD non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NAS NASH activity score; NASH non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; NIDDK NASH-CRN National Institute of Digestive Diseases and Kidney NASH Clinical Research Network; NRR non-rejection rate; Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; PC(O) ether PC; PC phosphatidylcholine; PCA principal component analysis; PE phosphatidylethanolamine; QTOFMS quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry; ROC receiving operator characteristic; SAF steatosis activity and fibrosis; SM sphingomyelin; T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus; TG triacylglycerol; UHPLC ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatographySAFSAF steatosis activity and fibrosisLM lipid and metabolitehonest significant differenceHSD honest significant differenceTG triacylglycerolnon-rejection ratecholesterol esterPCPEGC gas chromatographyfree fatty acidFLIPNASH non-alcoholic steatohepatitisNIDDK NASH-CRN National Institute of Digestive Diseases and Kidney NASH Clinical Research NetworkBIOMARKERST2DMPE phosphatidylethanolamineLDLlipidNAFLDFFA free fatty acid2-HBMetabolomicsNAFL non-alcoholic fatty liverLMCphosphatidylcholineScience & TechnologySM sphingomyelinGastroenterology & HepatologyMass spectrometryactivitynutritional and metabolic diseasesT2DM type 2 diabetes mellitusACIDSreceiving operator characteristicdigestive system diseasesquadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometryLC lipid clusterlow-density lipoproteinNAS2-HB 2-hydroxybutanoic acidNAS NASH activity scoreQTOFMSether PCNRRSCORING SYSTEMprincipal component analysisgas chromatographyLC2-hydroxybutanoic acidPROGRESSIONAST aspartate aminotransferaseLMPC phosphatidylcholinePC(O)MARKERSUHPLCsteatosisTOOLImmunology and AllergyINSULIN-RESISTANCECerSMFatty Liver Inhibition of Progressionhepatocellular carcinoma2-HB 2-hydroxybutanoic acid NIDDK NASH-CRN National Institute of Digestive Diseases and Kidney NASH Clinical Research Network NRR non-rejection rate Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis PC(O) ether PC PC phosphatidylcholine PCA principal component analysis PE phosphatidylethanolamine QTOFMS quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry ROC receiving operator characteristic SAF steatosis activity and fibrosis SM T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus TG triacylglycerol UHPLC ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatographyultrahigh-performance liquid chromatographyCELPC3-HBNAFLnon-alcoholic fatty liverTGtriacylglycerolNRR non-rejection rateLife Sciences & BiomedicineNAFLD non-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseFLIP Fatty Liver Inhibition of Progressionalanine aminotransferasemetaboliteCer ceramideCE cholesterol estersphingomyelinlysophosphatidylcholineand fibrosisALT alanine aminotransferaseInternal MedicineceramideNational Institute of Digestive Diseases and Kidney NASH Clinical Research NetworkAST3-HB 3-hydroxybutanoic acidQTOFMS quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometryPCA principal component analysisLPC lysophosphatidylcholineHepatologynon-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseand clinical variablePC(O) ether PC3-hydroxybutanoic acidFibrosisNASH activity scoreNIDDK NASH-CRNlipid clusterlipid and metabolitephosphatidylethanolamineLipidomicsLMC lipid metabolite and clinical variableFFAHCC hepatocellular carcinomaJHEP reports : innovation in hepatology
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SHIP2: A “NEW” Insulin Pathway Target for Aging Research

2014

Strong evidence suggests that systemic inflammation and central adiposity contribute to and perpetuate metabolic syndrome. All of these alterations predispose individuals to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular disease, as well as Alzheimer's disease (AD), all characterized by chronic inflammatory status. On the other hand, extensive abnormalities in insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and IGF-II signaling mechanisms in brains with AD have been demonstrated, suggesting that AD could be a third form of diabetes. The Src homology domain-containing inositol 5-phosphatase 2 (SHIP2) has an important role in the insulin pathway because its over-expression causes impairment…

AdultAgingmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentDiseaseBiologySystemic inflammationPolymorphism Single Nucleotidepolymorphismchemistry.chemical_compounddomain-containing inositol 5-phosphatase 2 (SHIP2) insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)INFLAMMATIONGene FrequencyAlzheimer DiseaseDiabetes mellitusInternal medicinemedicineHumansInsulinSettore MED/05 - Patologia ClinicaSNPInositolAgedSettore MED/04 - Patologia GeneraleALZHEIMER’S DISEASEResearchInsulinInositol Polyphosphate 5-PhosphatasesNEURODEGENERATIONType 2 Diabetes Mellitusmedicine.diseasePhosphoric Monoester HydrolasesEndocrinologyDiabetes Mellitus Type 2chemistryImmunologySettore MED/26 - NeurologiaGeriatrics and Gerontologymedicine.symptomMetabolic syndromeSignal TransductionRejuvenation Research
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Obesity and Outcomes in COVID-19: When an Epidemic and Pandemic Collide.

2020

Obesity has reached epidemic proportions in the United States and in much of the westernized world, contributing to considerable morbidity. Several of these obesity-related morbidities are associated with greater risk for death with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 penetrates human cells through direct binding with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors on the cell surface. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression in adipose tissue is higher than that in lung tissue, which means that adipose tissue may be vulnerable to COVID-19 infection. Obese patients also have worse outcomes with COVID-19 infection, including respiratory failure, n…

BMI body mass indexmedicine.medical_treatmentAdipose tissue030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyCHD coronary heart diseaseHF heart failureUS United States0302 clinical medicineRAAS renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systemPandemicMedicine030212 general & internal medicineCDC Centers for Disease Control and PreventionCOVID-19 coronavirus disease 2019TNF tumor necrosis factorHFpEF HF with preserved ejection fractionCV cardiovascularGeneral MedicinePrognosisICU intensive care unitPA physical activityMetS metabolic syndromePAH pulmonary arterial hypertensionCoronavirus Infectionsmedicine.medical_specialtyAF atrial fibrillationACE angiotensin-converting enzymePneumonia ViralCVD cardiovascular diseaseSARS-CoV-2 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2ArticleSeverity03 medical and health sciencesBetacoronavirusInternal medicineIPF idiopathic pulmonary fibrosisHumansObesityMortalityHTN hypertension or hypertensivePandemicsMechanical ventilationAng II angiotensin IIbusiness.industrySARS-CoV-2CKD chronic kidney diseaseCOVID-19T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitusmedicine.diseaseAngiotensin IIObesityIL interleukinPneumoniaRespiratory failureMetabolic syndromebusinessSNS sympathetic nervousMayo Clinic proceedings
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Addition of either pioglitazone or a sulfonylurea in type 2 diabetic patients inadequately controlled with metformin alone: impact on cardiovascular …

2012

Abstract Background and aims Metformin is the first-line therapy in type 2 diabetes. In patients inadequately controlled with metformin, the addition of a sulfonylurea or pioglitazone are equally plausible options to improve glycemic control. However, these drugs have profound differences in their mechanism of action, side effects, and impact on cardiovascular risk factors. A formal comparison of these two therapies in terms of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality is lacking. The TOSCA.IT study was designed to explore the effects of adding pioglitazone or a sulfonylurea on cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetic patients inadequately controlled with metformin. Methods Multicentre, random…

Blood GlucoseMaleBIO/12 - BIOCHIMICA CLINICA E BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE CLINICAEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismpioglitazone sulfonylurea type 2 diabetes metformin cardiovascular eventsMedicine (miscellaneous)Type 2 diabetesSettore MED/13 - EndocrinologiaBody Mass Indexlaw.inventionRandomized controlled trialRisk FactorslawSurveys and QuestionnairesCardiovascular DiseasepioglitazonepiogllitazoneStrokeDiabetes Therapy PioglitazoneNutrition and DieteticsDiabetesThiazolidinedionecardiovascular events; pioglitazone; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; sulphonylureasType 2 diabetesMiddle AgedMetforminSulfonylurea CompoundTreatment OutcomeTolerabilitysulphonylureasCardiovascular DiseasesDrug Therapy CombinationFemaletype 2 diabetesCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineHumanmedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyEndpoint Determinationsulfonylureacardiovascualr eventSudden deathFollow-Up Studiecardiovascular eventsInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusmedicineHumansHypoglycemic Agentssulfonylureasinterventio trialtype 2 diabetes; cardiovascular events; pioglitazone; sulfonylureas; randomized controlled trialAgedHypoglycemic AgentQuestionnairebusiness.industryRisk Factormedicine.diseaseSurgeryType 2 Diabetes MellitusSulfonylurea CompoundsDiabetes Mellitus Type 2randomized controlled trialQuality of LifeThiazolidinedionesTherapybusinessmetforminPioglitazoneFollow-Up Studies
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Effects of a Carob-Pod-Derived Sweetener on Glucose Metabolism

2018

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a higher incidence of cardiovascular (CV) events. The ingestion of high-glycemic index (GI) diets, specially sweetened beverage consumption, has been associated with the development of T2DM and CV disease. Objective: We investigated the effects of the intake of a sweetened beverage, obtained from natural carbohydrates containing pinitol (PEB) compared to a sucrose-enriched beverage (SEB) in the context of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes. Methods: The study was divided in three different phases: (1) a discovery phase where the plasma proteomic profile was investigated by 2-DE (two-dimensional electrophoresis) follow…

Blood GlucoseMaleProteomicstype 2 diabetes mellitusmedicine.medical_treatmentType 2 diabetes030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyBody Mass IndexImpaired glucose tolerance0302 clinical medicineInsulinInsulin-Like Growth Factor INutrition and DieteticsbiologyChemistryComplement C4aFabaceaeMiddle AgedHealthy Volunteerslcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supplyNutritive SweetenersAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentsweetenerBlood sugarlcsh:TX341-641030209 endocrinology & metabolismCarbohydrate metabolismArticleDiabetes Mellitus ExperimentalBeveragesinsulin-like growth factor03 medical and health sciencesYoung AdultInsulin resistanceDouble-Blind MethodInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusGlucose IntolerancemedicineAnimalsHumansC4A complementAgedGlycated HemoglobinPlant ExtractsInsulinOverweightmedicine.diseaseRatsRats Zuckerimpaired glucose tolerance; type 2 diabetes mellitus; sweetener; insulin-like growth factor; C4A complementDisease Models AnimalEndocrinologyimpaired glucose toleranceDiabetes Mellitus Type 2biology.proteinGLUT2InositolFood ScienceNutrients; Volume 10; Issue 3; Pages: 271
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POSTPRANDIAL HYPERGLYCEMIA IS A DETERMINANT OF PLATELET ACTIVATION IN EARLY 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

2010

BACKGROUND: Chronic hyperglycemia is a major contributor to in vivo platelet activation in diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of acarbose, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, on platelet activation and its determinants in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: Forty-eight subjects (26 males, aged 61 +/- 8 years) with early type 2 diabetes (baseline hemoglobin A(1c) < or = 7% and no previous hypoglycemic treatment) were randomly assigned to acarbose up to 100 mg three times a day or placebo, and evaluated every 4 weeks for 20 weeks. The main outcome measures were urinary 11-dehydro-thromboxane (TX)B(2) (marker of in vivo platelet activation) and 8-iso-prostaglandi…

Blood GlucoseMaleTime FactorsSettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaDinoprostpostprandial hyperglycemia; platelet activationMedicineEnzyme InhibitorsSettore MED/49 - Scienze Tecniche Dietetiche Applicatepostprandial hyperglycemiaAcarboseplateletHemoglobin AHematologyMiddle AgedPostprandial PeriodP-SelectinPostprandialTreatment OutcomeC-Reactive ProteinItalyFemaleBiological MarkersAcarboseType 2medicine.drugacarbose platelet activation postprandial hyperglycemia type 2 diabetes mellitusmedicine.medical_specialtySettore BIO/14 - FARMACOLOGIAUrinary systemCD40 LigandGlycosylatedArginineExcretionBlood Glucose; Time Factors; Lipid Peroxidation; Middle Aged; Hemoglobin A Glycosylated; Postprandial Period; Diabetes Mellitus Type 2; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hypoglycemic Agents; P-Selectin; Platelet Activation; Aged; CD40 Ligand; Treatment Outcome; Male; Female; Thromboxane B2; Dinoprost; Italy; Arginine; Acarbose; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Biological Markers; Hyperglycemia; alpha-Glucosidases; C-Reactive ProteinDouble-Blind MethodInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusDiabetes MellitusHypoglycemic AgentsHumansGlycoside Hydrolase InhibitorsPlatelet activationGlycemicAgedGlycated Hemoglobinbusiness.industryType 2 Diabetes Mellitusalpha-Glucosidasesmedicine.diseasePlatelet ActivationThromboxane B2EndocrinologyDiabetes Mellitus Type 2HyperglycemiaLipid PeroxidationbusinessBiomarkers
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Translating results from the cardiovascular outcomes trials with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists into clinical practice: Recommendations fr…

2022

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists mimic the action of the endogenous GLP-1 incretin hormone, improving glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by increasing insulin secretion and decreasing glucagon secretion in a glucose-dependent manner. However, as cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality is common in patients with T2DM, several trials with the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists (RAs) have been performed focusing on endpoints related to cardiovascular disease rather than metabolic control of T2DM. Following the positive cardiovascular effects of liraglutide, dulaglutide and semaglutide observed in these trials, major changes in T2DM management guidelines have …

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2Cardiovascular DiseasesGlucagon-Like Peptide 1HumansHypoglycemic AgentsAlgorithm Cardiovascular outcomes trials GLP-1 receptor agonists Treatment Type 2 diabetes mellitusLiraglutideCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineAlgorithm ; Cardiovascular outcomes trials ; GLP-1 receptor agonists ; Treatment ; Type 2 diabetes mellitus.Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 ReceptorInternational Journal of Cardiology
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Menopause and diabetes: EMAS clinical guide

2018

Abstract Introduction Whether menopause increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) independently of ageing has been a matter of debate. Controversy also exists about the benefits and risks of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) in women with T2DM. Aims To summarise the evidence on 1) the effect of menopause on metabolic parameters and the risk of T2DM, 2) the effect of T2DM on age at menopause, 3) the effect of MHT on the risk of T2DM, and 4) the management of postmenopausal women with T2DM. Materials and methods Literature review and consensus of experts’ opinions. Results and conclusion Metabolic changes during the menopausal transition include an increase in and the central redis…

ESTROGEN REPLACEMENTmedicine.medical_specialtyHORMONE-REPLACEMENT THERAPYendocrine system diseasesmedicine.medical_treatment030209 endocrinology & metabolismDiseaseDydrogesteroneGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine3123 Gynaecology and paediatricsRisk FactorsInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusType 2 diabetes mellitusDiabetes MellitusmedicineHumansNATURAL MENOPAUSEMenopausal hormone therapy; Menopause; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Estrogen Replacement Therapy; Female; Humans; Incidence; Risk Factors; Diabetes Mellitus Type 2; MenopauseESTRADIOLMETABOLIC SYNDROME030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicineProgestogenINSULIN SENSITIVITYbusiness.industryIncidenceEstrogen Replacement TherapyENERGY-EXPENDITUREnutritional and metabolic diseasesObstetrics and GynecologyType 2 Diabetes MellitusHormone replacement therapy (menopause)medicine.disease3. Good healthMenopausePOSTMENOPAUSAL WOMENDiabetes Mellitus Type 23121 General medicine internal medicine and other clinical medicineRISK-FACTORSFemaleHEALTHMenopauseMetabolic syndromebusinessType 2Menopausal hormone therapymedicine.drug
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